Localized states in dipolar Bose-Einstein condensates: To be or not to be of second order

Steinberg, Alina Barbara; Maucher, Fabian; Gurevich, Svetlana V.; Thiele, Uwe

Abstract

We report the existence of localized patterned states in dipolar Bose-Einstein condensates confined to a tubular geometry. We first perform a bifurcation analysis to track their emergence in an effective one-dimensional domain and find that localized states can become the ground state in suitable parameter regions. Their existence for parameters featuring a supercritical superfluid-supersolid bifurcation shows that supercriticallity is not sufficient to conclude that the phase transition is of second order; hence, density modulations can jump rather than emerge gradually. Finally, we illustrate that localized states also exist in a three-dimensional domain.