Change in Home Bias Due to Ghost Games in the NFL

Starke, Stephan; Vischer, Lars; Dilger, Alexander

Working paper | Peer reviewed

Abstract

We analyse changes in the National Football League (NFL) due to ghost games in 2020. The home bias disappears as expected. However, referee decisions do not seem to be relevant for this. There are also no significant results for semi-ghost games with a reduced number of spectators.

Details about the publication

Place of publicationMünster
Title of seriesDiskussionspapier des Instituts für Organisationsökonomik (ISSN: 2750-4476)
Volume of series6/2022
StatusPublished
Release year2022
Language in which the publication is writtenEnglish
Link to the full texthttps://www.wiwi.uni-muenster.de/io/en/research/downloads/DP-IO_06_2022
KeywordsAmerican Football; COVID-19; Ghost Game; Home Bias; NFL; Referee; Spectator

Authors from the University of Münster

Dilger, Alexander
Institute for Organisational Economics (IO)
Vischer, Lars
Professur für Organisationsökonomik (Prof. Dilger)