Extracellular Vesicle-Associated PD-L1 as a Biomarker for Cancer Immunotherapy

Kemper, Marcel; Menck, Kerstin; Bleckmann, Annalen

Zusammenfassung

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membrane-enclosed nanoparticles secreted by virtually all cell types, carrying biological information in the form of proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids. Their role as minimally invasive biomarkers in oncology is gaining increasing attention, especially in the context of immuno-oncology. This article provides an overview of the potential use of EVs as predictive biomarkers for response to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), with a focus on EV-associated Programmed death ligand 1 protein (PD-L1), and the current challenges for its clinical translation.

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