Male Reproductive Aging: Can Men with Oligospermia Become Azoospermic Over Time?

Patel, M; Muthigi, A; Laurentino, S; Diaz, P; Ramasamy, R

Abstract

While it is recognized that female fertility progressively decreases with age, the same paradigm is not necessarily true for men. Despite a growing body of literature evaluating advanced paternal age, male fertility is assumed to remain relatively constant over time. We have observed an uncommon phenomenon, however, in which a small proportion of men with oligozoospermia (sperm count < 15 million sperm/mL) progress to severe oligozoospermia (sperm count < 5 million sperm/mL) or nonobstructive azoospermia (NOA) over time. Herein, we discuss possible etiologies for this progression, areas of needed research, and possible management strategies to maximize reproductive potential.