Exploring Natural Hydrogen in India: Screening Criteria and Prospect Evaluation

Boruah, Annapurna; Mitra, Purnayan; Saad, Kazi Ahnaf; Phukan, Alaktarag

Abstract

Unlike fossil fuels, which are primarily derived from ancient organic matter, natural hydrogen has the unique capability to form through both biotic and abiotic processes. The primary sources of natural hydrogen are predominantly abiotic in nature, such as the geological process known as serpentinization, where water reacts with ultramafic rocks to produce hydrogen. Additionally, secondary sources of natural hydrogen involve microbial production, where certain microorganisms facilitate the generation of hydrogen through biological processes. The paper meticulously outlines the various methods employed to identify and assess natural hydrogen reservoirs, underscoring the critical importance of robust screening protocols. These protocols involve the integration of multiple data sources, including geological, geochemical, and geophysical data, alongside the utilization of advanced analytical tools to ensure accurate and comprehensive assessments. This comprehensive study aims to explore the potential of natural hydrogen in the Indian context, with a specific focus on diverse geological formations such as hard rocks, existing oil and gas fields, hot water springs, and basement rocks. By examining these varied sources, the paper seeks to provide a detailed understanding of the feasibility and potential benefits of harnessing natural hydrogen as a sustainable energy resource in India.