[Highly active antiretroviral therapy of neuro-AIDS. Side effects on the nervous system and interactions]

Husstedt IW, Reichelt D, Neuen-Jakob E, Hahn K, Kästner F, von Einsiedel R, Vielhaber B, Arendt G, Evers S

Abstract

Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has increased the mean survival time in the AIDS stage to sometimes more than 10 years. Five different groups of antiretroviral medications are known, of which integrase inhibitors and CCR5 antagonists represent the newest and most modern substances. The long AIDS survival time implies that side effects and interactions become relatively more important and must be differentiated from the symptoms of HIV itself. Side effects of HAART concern the central and peripheral nervous system and the muscles. The neurotoxicity of the components in HAART varies considerably and depends on the substance itself. Knowledge of side effects and interactions of HAART with antiepileptics, antidepressants, and analgetics are essential for the treatment of patients with neuro-AIDS.